English 2053--The Elements of Page Formatting and Design

The Elements of Format:

• White space- This is the part of the page that doesn't contain any ink. White space visually groups the page into sections. Too much White space makes the document look disconnected; too little makes it look jumbled. Types of White space include:
  • The four margins (top, bottom, left and right)
  • indentations
  • leading (the space between lines of text
• Page Parts- subdivisions of a page that give readers structural information. Page Parts include:
  • Live Area - the part of the page that lies between the margins.
  • headers - words that describe the content of the page or section
  • footers - words at the bottom of the page that can communicate minor information such as page number or topic.
  • rules- lines used to seperate elements on the same page
  • page numbers
• Text Features- The characteristics of words or lines of print. They include:
  • columns - vertical lines of type
  • Justification -aligning the first letter of a line with either the left margin (left-justified), the right margin (right justified) or the center of the live area.
  • typeface or font
  • Highlighting Designating key text through the use of :
    • Bold
    • Italic
    • Underlined
    • ALL CAPS
    • or vertical lists (like this one)
  • System of Heads - A head is a word or phrase that indicates the content of a following section or subsection. Heads should be in Bold face, Italics, and in some instances in ALL CAPS. In order to establish a system of heads, you should:
    • Designate Levels of heads. Most word processors use the HTML Head systems (see below).
    • Make each level look different...use size to differentiate.
    • Keep the wording of each level of heading paralell
    • Use content specific rather than generic wording

  Heading System

  First Level headers indicate the main portions of the work. They look like this (HTML STYLE):

  Heading Level One

  Then they would be followed by the text. yadda yadda yadda.. A second level head indicates a sub section of the Main heads. You should always move from larger to smaller heads. Thus, a second level head would look like so:

  Heading Level Two

  Then sub sections of this would be indicated with third level headers. They look like this:

  Heading Level Three

  And so on. For this class, you probably won't need more than this. Oh yeah, the thing after this is a Rule.

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  Back to Research Part Two

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